语法
韩语敬语 — ~(으)시与特殊敬语动词
+150 XP
~35 min
Master Korean honorific speech: the subject honorific ~(으)시, special elevated verbs like 드시다 and 계시다, honorific nouns and particles, and how to address people politely. Essential for talking with elders, bosses, and strangers.
✓ 已完成 ✓词汇 (14)
-님
-nim
敬称后缀(如선생님)
고객님, 무엇을 도와드릴까요? — Dear customer, how may I help you?
★☆☆☆☆
댁
daek
府上/家(집的敬语)
할머니 댁에 다녀왔어요. — I visited grandma's house.
★★☆☆☆
드리다
deurida
给/呈上(谦语的给)
부모님께 용돈을 드려요. — I give pocket money to my parents.
★★☆☆☆
분
bun
位(명/사람的敬语量词)
손님 세 분이 오셨어요. — Three guests have arrived.
★★☆☆☆
잡수시다
japsusida
吃(最高敬语)
진지 잡수셨어요? — Have you eaten (your meal)?
★★★☆☆
께
kke
敬语'给'助词(替代에게/한테)
선생님께 선물을 드렸어요. — I gave a gift to the teacher.
★★★☆☆
여쭤보다
yeojjwoboda
请教/请问(묻다的谦语)
뭐 좀 여쭤봐도 될까요? — May I ask you something?
★★★☆☆
Grammar Patterns
V/A-stem + (으)시 + ending Subject Honorific ~(으)시 在动词/形容词词干和词尾之间插入~(으)시,以尊敬动作的主体(主语)。辅音后加으시,元音后加시。해요体变为~(으)세요。当主语是长辈或上级时使用。
선생님이 책을 읽으세요. — The teacher reads a book.
Seonsaengnimi chaegeul ilgeuseyo.
어머니가 지금 오세요. — Mother is coming now.
Eomeoniga jigeum oseyo.
사장님이 바쁘세요. — The boss is busy.
Sajangnimi bappeuseyo.
있다→계시다, 먹다→드시다, 자다→주무시다 Special Honorific Verbs 有些动词不是加~(으)시,而是有完全独立的敬语形式。主要有:있다→계시다、먹다/마시다→드시다・잡수시다、자다→주무시다、죽다→돌아가시다、말하다→말씀하시다。需使用特殊形式。
부모님은 거실에 계세요. — My parents are in the living room.
Bumonimeun geosire gyeseyo.
할아버지께서 진지를 드세요. — Grandfather is eating his meal.
Harabeojikkeseo jinjireul deuseyo.
어머니는 벌써 주무세요. — Mother is already sleeping.
Eomeonineun beolsseo jumuseyo.
N + 께서 / N + 께 / N + 님 Honorific Particles & Title Suffix 尊敬主语时,主格助词이/가变为께서,与格에게/한테(给)变为께。后缀~님用于抬高称呼:선생→선생님、사장→사장님。这些常与~(으)시动词搭配。
할머니께서 오셨어요. — Grandmother has arrived.
Halmeonikkeseo osyeosseoyo.
교수님께 이메일을 보냈어요. — I sent an email to the professor.
Gyosunimkke imeireul bonaesseoyo.
부장님이 회의를 하세요. — The department head is holding a meeting.
Bujangnimi hoeuireul haseyo.
드리다 / 여쭤보다 / 뵙다 (humble forms) Humble Verbs (lowering yourself) 韩语还有谦语形式,通过降低说话者来抬高听者。주다→드리다(给上级)、묻다→여쭤보다、보다/만나다→뵙다/뵈다。这取决于宾语是上级,而非主语。
사장님께 보고서를 드렸어요. — I gave the report to the CEO.
Sajangnimkke bogoseoreul deuryeosseoyo.
선생님께 여쭤볼 게 있어요. — I have something to ask the teacher.
Seonsaengnimkke yeojjwobol ge isseoyo.
내일 교수님을 뵙겠습니다. — I will meet the professor tomorrow.
Naeil gyosunimeul boepgesseumnida.
测验 (6 questions)
Question 1 of 6
Which sentence correctly honors the subject 'teacher' (선생님)?
선생님을 높이는 올바른 문장은?
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Quiz complete